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IELTS Reading Passage: Natural pesticide in India
Natural pesticide in India
A. A significant story about cotton farmers in India shows how devastating pesticides can be for people and the environment; and why today’s farming is so reliant on pesticides. This story also shows that it’s feasible to cease utilizing the chemical pesticides without dropping a crop to ravaging insects and it describes how to do it.
B. The story commenced about 30 years ago, when a group of families migrated from the Guntur district of Andhra pradesh, Southeast India, into Punukula, a group of around 900 people ploughland of between 2 to 10 acres. The strangers from Guntur brought cotton-culture with them. Cotton pursued harvesters by assuring them to bring in more hard cash than the mixed crops they were earlier getting bigger to eat and sell: groundnuts, millet, pigeon peas, sorghum, rice, chili and mung beans. But cultivating cotton meant utilizing pesticides and manure – till then a puzzle to the mostly uneducated harvesters of the group. When cotton manufacture began to unfurl through Andhra pradesh state. The high worth of cotton made it an unusually alluring crop, but raising cotton needed chemical manures and pesticides. As most of the harvesters were poverty-stricken, uneducated, and without past experiences utilizing agricultural chemicals, they were forced to depend on local, minuscule agricultural retailers for advice. The retailers sold them seeds, manures, and pesticides on credit and also assured the purchase of their crop. The retailers themselves had little hard skill about pesticides. They merely expressed promotional details from international chemical companies that give their products.
C. Primarily, cotton production was high, and cost of pesticides were low because cotton bugs had not yet moved in. The harvesters had never been paid so much! But within a few years, cotton bugs like aphids and bollworms afflicted the meadows, and the harvesters saw how quick insect enlargement can be. Again and again spraying destroyed the weakerbugs, but left the ones most immune to pesticides to increase. As pesticides resistance framed, the harvesters had to spray more and more of the pesticides to get the equal outcomes. Simultaneously, the pesticides destroyed wasps, beetles, birds, spiders, and other carnivores that had once supplied natural control of bugs and insects. Without these carnivores, the cuss could demolish the whole crops if pesticides were not used. Finally, harvesters were fuse sometimes having topiary their cotto as often as two times in a week. They were actually curved!
D. The villagers were uncertain, but one of Punukla’s hamlet elders distinctly hazarded attempting the natural procedure rather than pesticides. His son had collapsed with keen and sharp pesticides poisoning and remained alive but the hospital bill was shocking. SECURE employees coached this villager on how to secure his cotton crop by utilizing a toolset of natural procedures chat India’s Center for viable Agriculture put jointly in partnership with scientists at Andhra pradesh’s state University. They called the toolset “ non-pesticide Management”- or “NPM”.
E. The supreme wealth in the NPM toolset was the neem tree(Azadirachta indica) which is common all over India. Neem tree is a broad-leaved everlasting tree related to amber. It secures itself opposed to insects by manufacturing a lot of natural pesticides that work in a different ways: with a weapons of chemical ammunition that repulse egg-laying, interfere with insect growth, and most of all, disrupt the capacity of crop-eating insects to sense their food.
F. Actually, neem has been worn traditionally in India to secure stored grains from insects and to manufacture skin lotions, soaps, and other health products. To secure crops from insects, neem seeds are plainly ground into a powder that is immersed overnight in water. The mixture is then sprayed onto the crop. Another progress is, neem cake can be mixed into the soil to destroy pests and diseases in the soil, and it look-alike as an organic manure high in N (nitrogen). Neem trees grow locally, so the only “cost” is the toil to prepare neem for use in fields.
G. The earliest harvester’s trial with NPM was an achievement! His reap was as good as the havests of harvesters that were utilizing pesticides, and he was paid much more because he did not pay out a single rupee on pesticides. Motivated by this achievement, 20 harvesters tried NPM the following year. SECURE affixed two well- upskilled employees in Punukula to tute and help everyone in the hamlet, and the hamlet women put coercion on their spouse to cease using poisonous chemicals. Families that were no longer revealing themselves to pesticides started to feel much superior, and the quick development in income, health and common well existence rapidly sold everyone on the value of NPM. By 2000, all the harvesters in PUnukula were utilizing NPM, not only for cotton but also for their other crops as well.
H. The suicide outbreak came to an conclusion. And with the health, cash and energy that reciprocated when they ceased poisoning themselves with pesticides, the villagers were motivated to begin more group and business projects. The women of Punukula produce a new origin of income by gathering, grinding, and selling neem seeds for NPM in other hamlets. The villagers saved their apprentice children and gave them exceptional six-month “meet,” courses to return to school.
I. Struggling against pesticides, and victorious, propagate village unanimity, morale, and confidence about the future. When retailers tried to penalize NPM users by paying less for NPM cotton, the harvesters integrated to form a marketing collaboration that found decent prices somewhere. The guidance and partnership skills that the resident of Punukula expand in the NPM fight have helped them to take on other dares, like aqua purification, constructing a cotton gin to attach value to the cotton before they sell it, and cogent the state government to bear NPM over the protest of international pesticides companies.
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IELTS Reading Questions – Natural Pesticide
Questions 1-4
Do the following statements agree with the information given in Reading Passage 1? In boxes 1-4 on your answer sheet, write
- TRUE if the statement agrees with the information
- FALSE if the statement contradicts the information
- NOT GIVEN if there is no information on this
1. Cotton in Andhra Pradesh state could really bring more income to the local farmers than traditional farming.
2. The majority of farmers had used agricultural pesticides before 30 years ago.
3. The yield of cotton is relatively lower than that of other agricultural crops.
4. The farmers didn’t realize the spread of the pests was so fast.
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Questions 5-11
- Complete the summary below
- Choose NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS from the passage for each answer
- Write your answers in boxes 5-11 on your answer sheet.
The Making of pesticide protecting crops against insects
The broad-leaved neem tree was chosen. It is a fast-growing and 5.________ tree and produces an amount of 6.________ for itself that can be effective like insect repellent. Firstly, neem seeds need to be crushed into 7.______ forms, which is left behind 8.________ in water. Then we need to spray the solution onto the crop. A special 9.__________ is used when mixing with soil in order to eliminate bugs and bacteria, and its effect 10.________ when it adds the level of 11.____________ 1 in this organic fertilizer meanwhile.
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Questions 12-13
- Answer the questions below
- Choose NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS AND/OR A NUMBER from the passage for each answer.
- Write your answers in boxes 12-13 on your answer sheet.
12. In which year did all the farmers use NPM for their crops in Panukala?
13. What gave the women of Punukula a business opportunity for NPMs?
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Recommended Questions:
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Natural Pesticide in India Reading Answers
1. Not given
2. False
3. Not given
4. True
5. Evergreen(everlasting)
6. Natural pesticides
7. Powder
8. Overnight
9.Neem cake
10.Doubles(looks-alike)
11. Nitrogen
12. In 2000
13. Neem seeds
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